04  PROVINCE: ALBERTA

05  PROJECT: CARDSTON
        REPORT NUMBER: 48
        REPORT NAME  : SOIL SURVEY OF THE M.D. OF CARDSTON
        MAP TITLE    : CARDSTON 
        
        LRRC CONTRIBUTION #:

06  MAP/REPORT PRINTED PUBLICATION DATE: IN PRINT

07  AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS:
    NAME                      AFFILIATION
    ------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
    J.A. Brierley             Agriculture Canada,LRRC,Alberta Soil Survey Unit
    A.T. Rodvang              Agriculture Canada,LRRC,Alberta Soil Survey Unit
    W.W. Pettapiece           Agriculture Canada,LRRC,Alberta Soil Survey Unit

08  CONTACT PERSON AT LRRC OTTAWA:

09  PHOTOGRAPHY SCALE: 1:30,000

10  SIL: 3

11  OBSERVATION STRATEGY AND SUPPORTING DATA FOR:
        - 100 to 120 observation per township
        - sites were sampled with detailed CanSIS descriptions
        - transects were used as checking tool (data stored by
          Agriculture Canada Soil Survey in Edmonton)
        - soil, air temperature and precipitation were monitored on 3
          stations for duration of 3 years (data stored by Agriculture
          Canada Soil Survey in Edmonton).

12  SYMBOL CONFIGURATION INCLUDING CONCEPT OF SOIL MAP UNIT:

                                 phase
                                    /
                   Soil unit       /
                            \     /
                             \   /
                             CT:L4------numeric sufix
                              3 D
                             /    \
                  Slope class      \
                                     modifier
                                   D - dissected

13  ANALYTICAL METHODS LIST [refer to McKeague if possible]:
        (Methods listed below are for the analytical data of the modal
        soil profiles used in the Soil Layer File. It should be noted
        that analytical data in the published report could represent a
        different soil profile and could be based on different analytical
        methods than those used in the ArcInfo Soil Layer File. Numbers in
        square brackets refer to procedures in CSSC 1978).

        Sampling site type - representative site.

        Sample type - bulk samples for chemical and physical analyses, the
                      bulk sample of a C horizon for engineering analysis,
                      cores for bulk density.

        Sample preparation - air dry, ground to pass through a 2 mm sieve
                             for all but engineering analysis, air dry
                             samples for engineering analysis. Field moist
                             cores for bulk density.

        pH - water 1:1, 0.01 m calcium chloride [3.13, 3.11]; missing
             data estimates for pH (CaCl2) based on pH (H2O) or vice versa
             or when neither value was available estimates were based
             values for closest comparable sample.

        Organic Carbon - dry combustion in induction furnace [3.611]
                         (total carbon minus inorganic carbon). Missing
                         values were estimated from values for most
                         similar samples.

        CaCO3 equivalent - HCl dissolution with manometric detection
                           (Bascomb 1961). Missing values were estimated
                           from values for most similar samples.

        CEC - buffered NH4OAC at pH 7.0 [3.32] and ammonium ion electrode.
              Missing values estimated from particle size and organic
              carbon using regressions by St.Arnaud and Sephton (1972).

        EC - Paste (saturated and mixed) [3.21]. Missing values estimated
             from values for most similar samples.

        Particle size - pipette (dispersion with sodium hexamataphosphate)
                        [2.11]. Missing values estimated from values for
                        the most similar samples.

        Coarse Fragments - field estimates of the percent coarse fragments
                           by volume. Missing data estimates were based
                           on field descriptions.

        VF Sand - dry sieving using ultrasonic sifter. Missing data
                  estimated from particle size using an unpublished
                  regression developed for Alberta soil data file.

        Bulk Density - core [2.211]. Missing data estimated from a table
                       of average bulk densities for Alberta soils.

        Water content - no determined Kp0 data are available, thus all
                        values were estimated as total porosity (assumed
                        all pores filed with water). Kp10, Kp33 and Kp1500
                        were determined using the pressure plate method on
                        ground samples [2.431]). Missing Kp33 and Kp1500
                        values were estimated using regression equations
                        developed by comparing measured Kp values against
                        measured Tsilt, Tclay and Org Carbon for Alberta
                        soils.

        Ksat - all values estimated. Estimates were based on the McKeague,
               Wang, and Coen (1986) procedures.

14  ESTIMATE OF RELIABILITY:

15  LIST OF ORIGINAL CATEGORIES AND CONVERSIONS (OPTIONAL):
        Soils - Up to 3 soils are used to represent a map unit; the total
                extent = 100. Miscellaneous map units are treated in
                accordance with the procedures for this project.

        Slope - 1 slope per map unit.

                    classes     % slope
                   ---------    -------
                      2          0-2%
                      3          2-5%
                      4          5-9%
                      5          9-15%
                      6         15-30%
                      7         30-45%
                      8         45-70%

        Stoniness - stones1 for soil_code1; stones2 for soil_code2;
                    stones3 for soil_code3.

                    SMUF soil       Published map legend
                    code             soil code
                  --------------------------------------
                       CCR                 PHA

                phase                             numeric sufix
        ---------------------       -------------------------------------
              F - Failing           1 - pure unit,
              L - Lithic            2 - signif. proportion of gleysols,
              S - Saline            3 - signif. proportion of saline
                                        soils,
                                    4 - sig. proportion. of Rego or Cal-
                                        careous Chernozemic soils,
                                    5 - sig. proportion of finer texture
                                        soils,
                                    6 - sig. proportion of coarser text.
                                        soils,
                                    7 - sig. proportion of Solonetzic
                                        soils

16  OTHER PROVINCIAL INTERPRETATIONS:
        Land use (CLI,irrigation, dryland farming, grazing,) tables and
        maps are in the report. Degradation (water erosion, salinity)
        tables and maps are in the report.

17  OTHER PROVINCIAL COMMENTS:
        MU_GROUP:  Warner
        SN_GROUP:  Alberta
        All values for individual soil series in the SLF are represented
        by one modal profile. All measured values (determined from a
        sampled pedon) have 1 in the extent column (e.g. value in VFS_E
        column = 1). The O in the extent column means that value was
        estimated. All estmated values are class centroids.
        Due to changes in the Provincial Soil Names File, the following
        soils mapped in the Cardston area were renamed:

                     Old       New
                    -----     -----
                    BVAST     BZRST
                    HEGST     GRG
                    PHA       CCR

        References:

        Bascomb,C.L.1961. A calcimeter for routine use on soil samples.
            Chemistry and Industry.Nov.11,1961:1826-27.

        CSSC.1978. Manual on soil sampling and methods of analysis.
            Canadian Society of Soil Science,151 Slater St.,Ottawa. 212. pp.

        McKeague, J.A., Wang, C. and Coen, G.M. 1986. Describing and
            interpreting the macrostructure of mineral soils - a
            preliminary report. Land Resource Research Institute
            Contribution No.84-50,Agriculture Canada,Ottawa, 47 pp.

        St.Arnaud,R.J. and Sephton,G.A. 1972. Contribution of clay
            and organic matter to cation exchange capacity  of
            Chernozemic soils. Can J. Soil Sci. 52:124-126.

